Decentralized Optimized Integral Sliding Mode-Based Load Frequency Control for Interconnected Multi-Area Power Systems

In this paper, a decentralized load frequency control (LFC) is proposed for the regulation of multi-area power systems applying optimized integral sliding mode (OISMC) scheme. A modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) algorithm utilised to optimize variables controller improving performance response. comprehensive model system developed where each area considered from conventional sources, renewable energy resources (RERs), and electrical vehicle (EV) aggregators. Different types interconnectors have been tie different regions. This subjected random generation loading conditions, as well uncertainties, which cause its error (ACE) deviate their nominal values. decentralised OISMC implemented keep variation within range. Further, validation study investigates technique in MATLAB simulation environment mimic real operation. includes test scenarios considering dynamic events such variations demand, amount generated power, participation factor EV reserve, parameters, disturbances, time delay. The simulated results support better with suggested compared other alternative approaches.